Species flashcards

Description

Cap: Convex, then flat, its margin sometimes upturned. Small, 2-6 cm wide. Color can be yellowish-whitish, pale rust-colored, yellowish-brownish, up to rust-brown. Center mostly darker.

Gills: Not decurrent, white or only very pale yellowish. Spore print white.

Stem: Short, straight, evenly thick, smooth, 3-8 cm long, 2-6 mm thick. Color similar to the cap, but darker, bright rust-brown. Often white at the base.

Flesh: Whitish-, pale brown in the cap very thin, in the stem fibrous, not brittle.

Spore: White; 4.5-6 x 3 µm; elliptical, smooth.

Occurrence: On forest soils, from early spring to late autumn, growing in groups on leaf litter. Very common everywhere.

Edibility: Often slightly rancid, sometimes onion-like sourish smell, other times odorless - taste - especially of specimens growing in coniferous forests - musty. Its cap is edible, but its taste is not first-class. Rather suitable for soup when mixed with other mushrooms.

Confusion: Among the poisonous mushrooms, the fool's funnel may resemble it, but it has slightly decurrent gills, uniformly whitish, its stem is quite different. It is more similar to the edible fairy ring champignon, which is why it is often collected instead of it under the name "forest fairy ring champignon". The most striking differences between them, besides the habitat, are the champignon's characteristic smell and the fact that its gills are sparsely standing and pale brownish. Also similar to it is the smaller, more slender, and strongly garlic-smelling garlic mushroom, which is also used as a spice mushroom.

Note: It is often very difficult to identify different collybia species, requiring thorough study. dryophila is of Greek origin, from the words dryu = tree and philos = friend. gymnopus means bare, naked foot.

Species description: In 1790, the French mycologist Jean Baptiste Pierre Francois Bulliard described it and gave it the scientific name Agaricus dryophilus. 31 years later, Paul Kummer renamed it Collybia dryophila, which was the accepted name until recently. The currently accepted scientific name was established in 1916, when the American William Alphonso Murrill placed it in the Gymnopus genus, so its name became Gymnopus dryophilus.

Taxonomy

1. PhylumBasidiomycota
2. ClassAgaricomycetes
3. OrderAgaricales
4. FamilyOmphalotaceae
5. GenusGymnopus

• Species: dryophilus
• Described by: (Bull.) Murrill
• Hungarian name: rozsdásszárú fülőke
• Lifestyle: soil saprotroph
• Edibility: edible